![]() That’s helpful when there’s a clear path to a solution" (p. Pink (2009) explains that "rewards, by their very nature, narrow our focus. Examples According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2011), rates for pregnancy, STDs and abortion are much higher in the US than in other industrialized countries (para. For an overview of signal phrases along with some examples, visit George Mason University's page on Signal Phrases. You will often want to use a signal phrase to introduce a narrative citation. The page number will bookend the quote at the end. A narrative citations weaves in the author's name(s) into the text, and then adds in the year in parentheses. The strength of narrative citations is that it flows better for a reader. You may also use them for paraphrasing or summarizing. ![]() If there is more than one paragraph in the quotation, indent the first line of the second and subsequent paragraphs.Narrative citations are the preferred method of citing quotes. Double space the quotation, and indent the entire quotation 0.5 inches (0.5”) from the left margin. When inputting the long quotation in a paragraph, ensure that you do not add a space before or after the quotation. Unlike a short quotation, a quotation of more than 40 words does not have double quotation marks surrounding it, and it is formatted in a block style. Ensure that every part of your quote is essential to your argument if parts of the quote are not essential, consider paraphrasing or using ellipsis to drop words from the quote (see below). Aim to only quote phrases or short passages, not long sections of text. ![]() Long direct quotations should not be used unless they are absolutely necessary, especially in shorter assignments. How Do I Format and Cite Long Direct Quotes?Ī long direct quotation is when you use 40 or more words from the original source. 12).Ĭorrect: A recent study showed, “a number of businesses in the Central Okanagan have been forced to close because of illness” (Roffel, 2021, para. You can use either “according to” OR a past tense verb in your phrase (not both):Ĭorrect: According to a recent study, “a number of businesses in the Central Okanagan have been forced to close because of illness” (Roffel, 2021, para. Incorrect: According to a recent study showed “a number of businesses in the Central Okanagan have been forced to close because of illness” (Roffel, 2021, para. has experienced a resurgence in COVID-19 cases “a number of businesses in the Central Okanagan have been forced to close because of illness” (Roffel, 2021, para. 12).Ĭorrect: One article explained that B.C. Use a phrase (not a complete sentence) to introduce the quote OR use a semi-colon to correctly join the two sentences:Ĭorrect: One article explained that “a number of businesses in the Central Okanagan have been forced to close because of illness” (Roffel, 2021, para. has experienced a resurgence in COVID-19 cases, “a number of businesses in the Central Okanagan have been forced to close because of illness” (Roffel, 2021, para. ![]() Incorrect: One article explained that B.C. Use of a complete sentence before the quote causes a run-on sentence: If you decide to use a signal phrase to introduce a quote, make sure that you do not inadvertently create a grammar error.
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